Snail fever, caught in the water
A water-borne parasite that infects tens of millions — and hits children hardest.
Schistosomiasis, known locally in southwestern Nigeria as Àtọ̀sí Ajá, is caused by a parasitic worm that lives in fresh water. A reservoir for the disease exists in several species of freshwater snail, which become infected when contaminated urine from human hosts finds its way to local waterways. Inside the snail, the parasites mature and are eventually released as cercariae. Now in the water, the cercariae burrow into the skin of anyone who wades, washes, or swims in it. The disease infects tens of millions of people across rural sub-Saharan Africa, and it hits school-aged children hardest. Left untreated for years, a curable infection turned chronic can lead to bladder cancer, infertility, and lasting damage to the reproductive tract that makes HIV easier to contract.
SCOPE works on three fronts: diagnosis, ecology, and education.
For diagnosis, we built a pocket-sized toolkit designed around the three things that keep people from being tested: how long it takes, what it costs, and whether it can travel. It pairs a $2 paper microscope known as the Foldscope with the SchistoFilter, a reusable water filter we designed ourselves. We've put it in the hands of Community Health Extension Workers, the local health workers already controlling schistosomiasis on the ground in rural communities.
For ecology, we map riverfront snail habitats by drone and are working toward environmentally responsible ways to control the freshwater snails that carry the parasite.
For education, we build games that teach children how infection happens and how to avoid it.
One Health is the philosophy that human, animal, and environmental health are inextricably linked. Schistosomiasis is a textbook One Health problem: treating the people who are infected is essential, but unless we address what drives transmission, the same people will be infected again next year.
A few dollars equips an entire community to test for a disease that’s gone unchecked for decades.